Multicolour Koi Male Betta (3cm)

Betta splendens, commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish, are popular for their vivid colours and flowing fins. They are relatively easy to care for, but specific aquarium conditions should be met to keep them healthy and thriving. 

1. Tank Size

• Minimum tank size: 30 litres is recommended for a single Betta. 
• Shape: Bettas prefer horizontal swimming space, so a longer tank is better than a tall one.

2. Water Parameters

• Temperature: 24-28°C. Bettas are tropical fish, so they need warm water. A heater is necessary in most climates.
• pH level: Bettas thrive in slightly acidic to neutral water, with a pH between 6.5 and 8.0.
• Water hardness: Soft to moderately hard water (3-8 dGH) is ideal.
• Filtration: While Bettas don't like strong currents, a gentle filter is important to keep the water clean and oxygenated. A sponge filter is a good option, as it provides gentle filtration.
• Water changes: Regular water changes (25-30% weekly) are crucial to maintain water quality, especially in smaller tanks.

3. Tank Setup

• Substrate: Sand or small gravel is suitable, but Bettas don't have specific substrate needs.
• Plants and decorations: Bettas love exploring, and live plants like Java fern, Anubias, or floating plants like water lettuce can make the environment more natural and appealing. Silk or soft decorations are also recommended to avoid damaging their delicate fins.
• Hiding spots: Bettas appreciate caves, driftwood, or other hiding spaces to feel secure.
• Lid or cover: Bettas can jump, so make sure the tank has a secure lid or cover to prevent escapes.

4. Feeding

• Diet: Bettas are carnivorous and require a protein-rich diet. High-quality Betta pellets or flakes should be the staple food. Supplement with freeze-dried, frozen, or live foods like bloodworms, daphnia, or brine shrimp for variety.
• Feeding frequency: Feed small amounts 1-2 times a day, only what they can eat in a few minutes. Be careful not to overfeed, as this can lead to water quality issues and health problems.
• Fasting: It’s good practice to fast your Betta one day a week to help clear their digestive system.

5. Behavior and Tank Mates

• Solo fish: Bettas are known for their aggressive nature, especially males, which will often fight with other Bettas. For this reason, it’s best to house one Betta per tank.
• Tank mates: If you want to keep your Betta in a community tank, choose peaceful species that won’t nip at their fins. Good options include:
  • Corydoras catfish
  • Small peaceful tetras (avoid fin-nippers like tiger barbs)
  • Snails (like Nerite or Mystery snails)
  • Shrimp (like Amano or Ghost shrimp, though some Bettas may eat them)
• Avoid other brightly colored or long-finned species that might trigger aggression in your Betta.

6. Health Care

• Common issues: Bettas are prone to certain diseases, such as fin rot, ich, and swim bladder disorders. Keeping the water clean and maintaining stable parameters helps prevent these problems.
• Signs of a healthy Betta:
  • Bright, vibrant colors
  • Active swimming and exploring
  • Full, undamaged fins
  • Regular feeding behavior
• Signs of illness:
  • Faded colors
  • Clamped fins
  • Lethargy or hiding more than usual
  • Lack of appetite
  • Swimming difficulties (floating or sinking)

7. Breeding

• Mating behavior: Bettas are bubble nesters, with males building bubble nests at the water's surface. Males can become very aggressive during breeding, so special care is needed to prevent harm to the female.
• Separate breeding tank: A separate tank for breeding, with soft plants and a calm environment, is necessary. The male tends the nest and eggs while the female should be removed after spawning.

8. Lighting

• Moderate lighting: Bettas do not require strong lighting, and too much can stress them out. Provide about 8-12 hours of light per day, ideally with a regular day-night cycle.
• Avoid direct sunlight: Direct sunlight can cause rapid algae growth and fluctuations in water temperature.

9. Handling and Interaction

• Bettas can recognize their owners and may come to the glass when they see you. However, avoid tapping the glass, as it can cause stress.
• Do not handle Bettas with your hands, as this can damage their delicate fins and slime coat. Use a soft fish net if moving is necessary.

10. Lifespan

• With proper care, Bettas can live 3-5 years, and some can live even longer in optimal conditions.

By providing the right environment, nutrition, and care, Betta splendens can thrive in your aquarium and become a beautiful, engaging pet.