Sparkling Gourami / Pygmy

The Sparkling Gourami (scientifically known as Trichopsis pumila) and the Pygmy Gourami (often a nickname for them) are small, peaceful freshwater fish that are popular among aquarium hobbyists. They are particularly valued for their beautiful colors, calm demeanor, and unique behavior, such as their ability to "sing" or make popping sounds. Below is a detailed care guide for both species.

Tank Requirements

• Size: A minimum of a 10-gallon aquarium is recommended for a small group (3-4) of Sparkling Gouramis. Although they are small, they thrive in groups and need space to swim around comfortably.
• Water Parameters:
  • Temperature: 75–82°F (24–28°C).
  • pH: Slightly acidic to neutral, around 6.0 to 7.5.
  • Hardness: Soft to moderate, around 2-12 dGH.
  • Water flow: Sparkling Gouramis prefer slow-moving water, so avoid strong currents in their tank.

Tank Setup

• Aquascaping: Provide plenty of plants, especially floating plants, as these mimic their natural habitat and provide cover. They love dense vegetation where they can feel secure. Small caves or decorations can also be added for hiding spots.
• Substrate: A soft, fine substrate like sand or smooth gravel is ideal for these fish.
• Filtration: Use a sponge filter or a gentle filter to maintain water quality while ensuring the water flow remains calm.

Diet

• Omnivorous: Sparkling Gouramis are not picky eaters and will accept a variety of foods. Their diet should include high-quality flake food, micro pellets, and frozen or live foods such as daphnia, brine shrimp, and bloodworms.
• Feeding frequency: Feed them 2-3 times per day in small portions to avoid overfeeding.

Behavior & Compatibility

• Temperament: Sparkling Gouramis are peaceful and non-aggressive. They tend to swim in the mid to upper areas of the tank and can often be seen near the surface, where they use their labyrinth organ to gulp air from the surface.
• Social behavior: They do well in groups of 3 or more, as they are social fish. However, they can be a bit shy or timid, especially when kept alone or in small groups.
• Tankmates: They are best kept with other peaceful species like small tetras, rasboras, or shrimp. Avoid large or aggressive fish that might stress them out.
• Signaling: Sparkling Gouramis are known for making clicking or popping sounds (a form of communication) when interacting with each other, especially during courtship or territorial disputes.

Breeding

• Spawning: Sparkling Gouramis are bubble-nest builders. The male builds a bubble nest at the water's surface to attract a female. When the female is ready, she will release eggs into the nest. The male will fertilize them and guard the nest until the fry hatch.
• Care for Fry: Once the eggs hatch, the male continues to protect the fry. Remove the adult fish after a few days to prevent them from eating the young.

Health and Common Issues

• Water Quality: Keep the water quality high by performing regular water changes (25–30% every week) and monitoring ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels.
• Disease Prevention: Like other small fish, Sparkling Gouramis are susceptible to common fish diseases like ich, fin rot, and velvet. Regularly check your fish for signs of illness, and quarantine new arrivals to prevent the spread of disease.
• Stress: Avoid aggressive tankmates and ensure the environment is calm, as Sparkling Gouramis are sensitive to stress, which can weaken their immune system.

Lifespan

• Sparkling Gouramis typically live for 3-5 years if kept in optimal conditions.

By providing the right environment, maintaining water quality, and offering a balanced diet, you can enjoy the unique beauty and peaceful nature of these small but fascinating fish.