Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv'

Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' is a stunning variety of Java Fern that’s known for its unique, curved, and narrower leaves, which give it a more delicate and intricate appearance compared to the standard Microsorum pteropus. It’s a popular choice for aquascaping due to its graceful look and slow growth. Like the regular Java Fern, this variety is very hardy and easy to care for, making it an excellent choice for both beginners and experienced hobbyists.

Here’s the care guide for Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv':

1. Light Requirements

• Low to Moderate Light: Just like the regular Java Fern, 'Windeløv' thrives in low to moderate light. It doesn't require strong lighting and actually fares better in lower light conditions. Too much light can cause algae buildup on the leaves.

• Lighting Setup: A lighting intensity of 2-3 watts per gallon is sufficient. You can use LED lights or fluorescent lighting. In low light, the growth may be slower, but the plant will still survive and maintain its beauty.

2. Temperature

• Temperature Range: Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' is a tropical plant that does best in temperatures ranging from 68°F to 82°F (20°C to 28°C). It can tolerate slight fluctuations outside this range, but consistently cool water (below 64°F/18°C) can stress the plant.

• Cold Tolerance: While the plant can survive slightly cooler temperatures, it’s best to keep it in a warmer range for optimal growth.

3. Water Parameters

• pH: This plant prefers a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5, which is slightly acidic to neutral. It can tolerate minor fluctuations in pH but does best in stable conditions.

• Water Hardness: Windeløv can adapt to a variety of water hardness levels, from soft to moderately hard water (3-8 dGH). It’s very adaptable in this regard.

• Water Flow: Like other Java Fern varieties, it does best in low to moderate water flow. Strong currents can damage the delicate leaves, so ensure it’s placed away from strong filter outflows or high water movement.

4. Substrate

• Rhizome-Based Growth: As with other Java Ferns, Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' grows from a rhizome, not roots. It is essential never to bury the rhizome in the substrate. Doing so can cause it to rot.

• Attachment: The rhizome should be attached to rocks, driftwood, or any other hard surfaces using aquarium-safe glue, thread, or fishing line.

• Substrate Options: Java Ferns are not substrate feeders, so you can use gravel, sand, or nutrient-rich substrates. The plant primarily takes up nutrients through its leaves from the water column, so substrate choice is not crucial.

5. Fertilization

• Light Fertilization: While Windeløv is not a heavy feeder, it will benefit from occasional light fertilization, especially in tanks where nutrients may be low. A balanced liquid fertilizer with micronutrients (like iron) will help promote healthy leaf growth.

• CO₂: Windeløv doesn’t require CO₂ injection to thrive, making it perfect for low-tech tanks. However, if you use CO₂, it can boost growth and enhance the plant’s appearance, making the leaves more vibrant and encouraging faster growth. Without CO₂, the plant will grow more slowly but will still be healthy.

6. Pruning and Maintenance

• Slow Growth: Windeløv grows relatively slowly, so it doesn’t require constant pruning. However, removing dead or damaged leaves is important for keeping the plant healthy and tidy.

• Propagation: Like other Java Ferns, Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' propagates by producing plantlets along the edges of its leaves. These plantlets can be carefully removed and attached to new surfaces to propagate the plant.

• Algae Growth: If algae build up on the leaves, it’s best to gently clean them with a soft sponge or toothbrush. Algae can be more of an issue in tanks with high light, so consider reducing lighting intensity or adding algae-eating species like Otocinclus catfish, Amano shrimp, or Nerite snails.

7. Tankmates

• Community Tank Friendly: Windeløv is well-suited for community tanks as it’s a peaceful plant that doesn’t get eaten by most fish. It’s especially good for aquariums with smaller, peaceful species like tetras, guppies, or shrimp.

• Avoid Herbivores: Like other Anubias and Java Ferns, large fish or herbivorous species (like goldfish or certain cichlids) may nibble on or uproot the plant. Avoid these species if you want to preserve the health of your 'Windeløv'.

8. Growth and Size

• Size: Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' typically grows to 6-8 inches (15-20 cm) tall and can spread out to around 8-12 inches (20-30 cm) wide. Its narrow, wavy leaves and compact size make it an ideal midground or background plant in aquariums, especially in smaller to medium-sized tanks.

• Slow Growth: Being a slow-grower, Windeløv won’t take over your tank but will gradually fill in space and add beautiful texture.

9. Common Problems

• Yellowing Leaves: If the leaves turn yellow, this is typically a sign of a nutrient deficiency, often iron or nitrogen. Adding a liquid fertilizer with micronutrients can help.

• Rhizome Rot: If the rhizome is buried in the substrate, it can rot. Always ensure the rhizome is exposed to water and not buried.

• Algae on Leaves: Algae buildup is common in tanks with higher light. If this happens, reduce light intensity, clean the leaves regularly, and consider adding algae-eating species to control it.

Bonus Tip:

• Aquascaping with 'Windeløv': This variety’s narrow, wavy leaves make it perfect for aquascaping. Attach it to driftwood or rocks to create a forest-like appearance. Its elegant form contrasts beautifully with other plants, especially mosses or fine-leaved species like Java Moss or Riccia.

Summary Care Checklist:

• Light: Low to moderate

• Temperature: 68°F to 82°F (20°C to 28°C)

• pH: 6.0 to 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)

• Water Flow: Low to moderate

• Fertilization: Light fertilization (micronutrients, especially iron)

• Substrate: Attach rhizome to rocks or driftwood (do not bury)

• Pruning: Remove dead or damaged leaves, propagate via plantlets

• Tankmates: Peaceful species, avoid plant-eating fish

With these care tips, your Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' will thrive, adding beauty and texture to your aquarium. It’s a perfect choice for aquascaping and low-maintenance setups, making it a valuable addition to many types of aquariums.